Garasi Biologi

Author :

Muhammad Mansur

Peneliti di Bidang Botani, Pusat Penelitian Biologi, Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia

Abstract

Ecological studies on Nepenthes at Peat Swamps Forest Natural Laboratory, Kereng Bangkirai Sabangau, Central Kalimantan, was conducted on April to May, 2006. Survey method used for to known diversity of Nepenthes in study site and we made four small plots for population measurement. As the result, three species and one natural hybrid were founded, such as; Nepenthes gracilis, N. rafflesiana, N. ampullaria and N.xhookeriana. In study site, Nepenthes gracilis is wider distribution than other species, they can grow at open, rather shaded or shaded area and they have high density at open area. While, N. rafflesiana , N. ampullaria and N.xhooekeriana commonly founded at rather shaded area or shaded area.

Author :

Muhammad Mansur

Peneliti di Pusat Penelitian Biologi - Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia

Abstract

The degradation rate of forest in the recent 5 years increases rapidly, particulartly in Sulawesi. The biggest damaged comes from the human impact, which spreads to the conservation area. As a result, the areais decreased, whereas its function and its potency have not been explored. The ecological research has been conducted in Soloi forest, Suaka Margasatwa Buton Utara in May 2003. The objectives of this work are to study the condition, which belong to. 75 general and 35 families with density of trees are 277 individual (stem diameter > 10 cm ), and 1140 sampling ( 2-9,9 cm stem diameter ). The forest type is low land primary forest, which dominated by Casearia rugulosa, Diospyros pilosanthere, Cleistanthus myriantus, Canarium hirsutum, and Drypetes longifolia. In the forest structure, trees with 10-20 cm stem diameter is in the first rankwith the total number 57,02%, then followed by the trees with 20-30 cm diameter (20,22%). In general, the forest condition in research site is good, although a few areas are damaged due to illegal loging.

Author :

Siti Sunarti

Herbarium Bogoriense, Bidang Botani-Puslit Biologi - LIPI Cibinong Science Center, Jl. Raya Jakarta-Bogor Km 46

ABSTRACT

Tukung Gede Mountain Nature Reserved (TGMNR) covers almost 1.700 ha area. This includes four administrative districts of Serang Regency (Pabuaran District, Mancak District, Anyer District, and Cinangka District). This research was conducted in the western part of Nature Reserved with the main sites in the Cadas Gantung Mountain and Cadas Pagar. The aim of the study was to investigate the Nature Reserved vegetation. Plot about 0.2 ha has been made in each location and named, tree diameter, tree total height, dbh, and its position of every tree with the diameter  10 cm, and sampling with the diameter  2 cm were recorded. We discovered during the study that there was one vegetation type in Cadas Gantung and Cadas Pagar (the lowland rain forest). It was noted that the density in 1 hectare was 310 trees. The composition of trees species in all plot was relatively different and the diversity of the trees species in plot II was the highest. The forest structure scored in B to D strata and the potential of regeneration were good.

Author :

Inggit Puji Astuti dan Esti Munawaroh

Pusat Konservasi Tumbuhan Kebun Raya Bogor LIPI

ABSTRACT

The red piper were most sale and known and usaged by the people in this decade was a species of Piper crocatum Ruitz & Pav. It was introduce plant. The original habitat of this species is Peru, South of America, while the information about when and who have introduced to Indonesia unknown. Besided Piper crocatum, in Indonesia have recorded another species of the wild red piper which are grows in the forest, it is Piper porphyrophyllum N.E. Br. These last wild red piper can be fi nd in the forest area at Sumatera and Kalimantan islands. Both of the species were Bogor Botanic Garden collection, which have differences of leaves morphological character as well as shape, characteristic and colour. So, it has choised the living collection as research material. The leaves morphological character which observe were shape size, characteristic and colour, all of the leaves morphological character which observe have recorded as an material for character difference analysis of this red piper species. The observation result of leaves morphological character of this species shows that the leaf shape of P.crocatum is cordate – oval like a egg – obovid, while the leaf shape of P.porphyrophyllum cordate – deltoid – oval like a egg – rounded (rare). The leaf characteristic of P.crocatum rather thick and stiff, while the leaf characteristic of P.porphyrophyllum thin and fl exible?. The leaf colour of P.crocatum green pinkish with pinky lines shape illustration, while the leaf colour of P.porphyrophyllum green redish – green red blackish with white greyish (Sumatera) – bright pinky (Kalimantan) lines shape illustration. With lines illustration morphologycal character prooff in the both species shows that there is an existance genetical relatives although must be done next observation about what the gen which can be phenotyphic illustrade on this leaves to inform this phylogenetical and taxonomy status in the clasifi cation.

ARRIJANI ♥

Jurusan Biologi FMIPA Universitas Negeri Manado (UNIMA), Tondano 95187

ABSTRACT

Genus Myristica represent one of important taxon in kingdom plantarum in Indonesia meaning if evaluated from number of species, distribution of species, and role for society. Result of publicizing indicate that there are 9 species Myristica in Indonesia representing original crop and distributed the round of main island in Indonesia. Member of genus Myristica this type of a lot of exploited upon which the food, industrial raw material, construction material, etc. Because that’s important role hence the effort conservation must be done in order to the Myristica sustainability can be taken care of.

KURNIAWAN BUDIARTO♥

1Indonesian Ornamental Crops Research Institute (IOCRI), Cianjur 43253, West Java.

ABSTRACT

The incident of hyperhydricity was a common problem in propagated carnation (Dianthus carryophyllus L.) during in vitro culture. Due to its possible relations with the decrease in phenotypic performance of plantlets, the observation on the occurrence of hyperhydricity was conducted on several in vitro conserved carnation cultivars. The research was conducted from July 2007 to August 2008 at The Indonesian Ornamental Crops Research Institute, Cianjur, West Java. A complete factorial experiment with 24 replications was designed to accomplish the combination of two factors. The first factor was six commercial carnation cultivars, namely light pink candy, malaga, opera, white candy, liberty and pink maladi, while the seconds dealt with type of conservation media, i.e. ½MS+DMSO 3%, ½MS+DMSO 3%+3% sucrose and control (½MS+3% sucrose). The results showed that the percentage of hyperhydric plantlet and plantlet viability after in vitro conservation were varied among carnation cultivars. Single treatment of sucrose had the least capacity in inducing plantlet resistance to low temperature conditions during in vitro conservation. Supplemental DMSO postponed the occurrence of hyperhydricity and with the existence of sucrose, higher plantlet viability were achieved.

ANDI MARSAMBUANA PIRZAN, PETRUS RANI PONG-MASAK

Balai Riset Perikanan Budidaya Air Payau, Maros 90512.

ABSTRACT

Phytoplankton can be used as indicator of waters environment quality. This research was conducted in Bauluang Island waters of Takalar Regency of South Sulawesi. The aims of this research were study the richness and stabilization of Bauluang Island waters by analysis of phytoplankton diversity and their relationship of waters quality. Plankton net no. 25 was used to phytoplankton collection then it was preserved in MAF solution. Identification of phytoplankton was conducted until species level and counting cell method was used to calculate their population density. Varies phytoplankton density at the range of 470-2,680 ind./L and species at the range of 5-20 species. Phytoplankton stabilization was moderate while phytoplankton evenness was spread. Correlation (r) of phytoplankton diversity with alkalinity and total organic matter was 0.61 respectively.

MELATI FERIANITA-FACHRUL♥, SETIJATI HARTINAH EDIYONO, MONIKA WULANDARI

JurusanTeknik Lingkungan, Universitas Trisakti (USAKTI), Jakarta 11440

ABSTRACT

The research was conducted in Ciliwung River, from Bogor until Jakarta. The aims of this research were to (i) identify the species of phytoplankton were occupied in the Ciliwung River and (ii) determine the river ecosytem condition using ecological modeling by composition and distribution of abundance model. This research was conducted in two period sampling which on July 2005 (1st period) and August 2005 (2nd period). The river ecosystem was devided into three segments, which covered 10 stations, namely: Cisarua, Gadog, Kedung Halang (Segment I), Kelapa Dua, Kalibata, Kampung Melayu, Guntur (Segment II), Pejompongan, K.H. Mas Mansyur, and Teluk Gong (Segment III). The result on the first period obtained 4 divisions that consist of 41 species, such as 12 species from Cyanophyta, 25 species from Chlorophyta, 4 species from Chrysophyta and 1 species from Euglenophyta. Thus, from the second period, obtained 4 divisions that consist of 45 species, such as 8 species from Cyanophyta, 28 species from Chlorophyta, 5 species from Chrysophyta and 4 species from Euglenophyta. The result of analysis on phytoplankton abundance distribution showed that, both on first and second periods an appropriate model is Motomura Model.

YAYAN WAHYU CANDRA KUSUMA♥, INGGIT PUJI ASTUTI

Center for Plant Conservation-Bogor Botanic Garden, Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI), Bogor 16003.

ABSTRACT

The population and habitat characteristics of Homalomena bellula Schott in Java have received little attention. In this present study, the authors estimated the population density and habitat characteristic of H. bellula in Mount Slamet, Central Java, by means of random samplings of 2 x 2 m2 plots. Two distinct populations were studied at two different altitude levels, i.e. below and above 1000 m asl. We used to suspect that there was a difference in both populations. But our result revealed that these two populations were actually similar in abundance, population density, and dispersion pattern and even in microhabitat characteristics.

PURWANINGSIH♥

Bidang Botani, Pusat Penelitian Biologi-LIPI Bogor 16122

ABSTRACT

Dipterocarpaceae is one of the biggest family with >500 species in the world, and most of dipterocarps population are grown in Indonesia which have high economical value of wood. One of the most important value from dipterocarps species is high on endemicities; there are up to 128 species (53.78%) from 238 dipterocarps species in Indonesia. Distribution of dipterocarps species would be affected by some factors especially edaphic, climate, and altitude. In Indonesia the dipterocarps species distribution could be shown from islands groups, number of species and forest types. Based on the observation of herbarium collection in Herbarium Bogoriense the distribution of the most dipterocarps species was in the altitude of 0-500 m and 500-1000 m on the dipterocarps forest type. Kalimantan and Sumatra were the two bigger islands with have the dipterocarps species distributed relatively high on population and species.

T. Ulmar Grafe1,*, Caroline R. Schoner2, Gerald Kerth3, Anissa Junaidi1 and Michael G. Schoner2 

1 Department of Biology, University Brunei Darussalam, Tungku Link, Gadong 1410, Brunei Darussalam

2 Department of Animal Ecology and Tropical Biology, University of Wu¨rzburg, Biozentrum, Am Hubland, 97074 Wu¨rzburg, Germany

3 Zoological Institute and Museum, Greifswald University, Johann-Sebastian-Bach-Strasse 11/12, 17489 Greifswald, Germany

Abstract

Mutualistic relationships between vertebrates and plants apart from the pollen and seeddispersal syndromes are rare. At first view, carnivorous pitcher plants of the genus Nepenthes seem to be highly unlikely candidates for mutualistic interactions with animals, as they form dimorphic terrestrial and aerial pitchers that trap arthropods and small vertebrates. Surprisingly, however, the aerial pitchers of Nepenthes rafflesiana variety elongata are poor insect traps, with low amounts of insectattractive volatile compounds and low amounts of digestive fluid. Here, we show that N. rafflesiana elongata gains an estimated 33.8 per cent of the total foliar nitrogen from the faeces of Hardwicke’s woolly bats (Kerivoula hardwickii hardwickii) that exclusively roost in its aerial pitchers. This is the first case in which the faeces-trapping syndrome has been documented in a pitcher plant that attracts bats and only the second case of a mutualistic association between

Inventory of orchids in Mount Tinombala Natural Reserve, Tolitoli Regency, Central Sulawesi

DYAN MEININGSASI SISWOYO PUTRI♥

Balai Konservasi Tumbuhan Kebun Raya “Eka Karya” Bali, Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia (LIPI), Tabanan, Bali 82191

ABSTRACT

The aims of the research were to inventory the flora of Sulawesi, especially orchids in the Mount Tinombala Natural Reserve and to collect the plant materials for planting as a collection plants in Bali Botanical Garden. The method used in this research was explorative method at the place with altitude more than 700 m above sea level. The result of the research was 50 collection number of orchids which was consist of 72 specimens, 19 families and 24 species found in the Mount Tinombala Natural Reserve, Tolitoli Regency, Central Sulawesi. Two numbers of them that unidentified yet called as a genus dubious. Dendrobium and Eria were the genus that dominant in the natural reserve and one species that predicted as a new collection for the Bali Botanic Garden was Macodes petola Lindl.

Lowland-Edge Vegetation on Habitat of Proboscis Monkey (Nasalis larvatus) in 

Rubber Forest of Tabalong District, South Kalimantan

MOCHAMAD ARIEF SOENDJOTO1,2,♥, HADI SUKADI ALIKODRA3, MOHAMMAD BISMARK4, HERU SETIJANTO5

1 Program Doktor Ilmu Pengetahuan Kehutanan, Sekolah Pascasarjana, Institut Petanian Bogor (IPB), Bogor 16680

2 Jurusan Manajemen Hutan, Fakultas Kehutanan Universitas Lambung Mangkurat (UNLAM) Banjarbaru 70714,

3 Jurusan Konservasi Sumberdaya Hutan, Fakultas Kehutanan, Institut Petanian Bogor (IPB), Bogor 16680

4 Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hutan dan Konservasi Alam, Departemen Kehutanan, Bogor 16118

5 Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan, Institut Petanian Bogor (IPB), Bogor 16680

ABSTRACT

The proboscis monkey (Nasalis larvatus) frequently visits certain lowland (baruh) and never visits other, although both lowlands are inundated during rainy season or even have no water during the dry season. Data on seedling, sapling, pole, and tree of two former lowlands and of two latter ones were collected. Important value indexes were compared based on Renkonen similarity index. Treatments on vegetation were qualitatively recorded. The former lowlands had more diverse vegetation and higher security level than the latter had. Food sources, such as Hevea brasiliensis, Syzygium stapfiana, Vitex pubescens, Elaeocarpus stipularis, and Artocarpus teysmanii were available and more abundant on the former lowlands which were poorly cared. However, such condition could change anytime, because all lowlands include in the cultivated area.

Insectivore Plants Nepenthes sp. at Mount Merbabu

HERY MULYANTO, DEWI CAHYUNINGDARI, AHMAD DWI SETYAWAN

Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS Surakarta

ABSTRACT

The aims of the research were to know the existence of the Nepenthes at mount Merbabu, variations of its morphology, associated plants, and ecological conditions. Nepenthes are one of plants that were categorized as conserved plant by Indonesian government as indicated in PPRI No. 7/1999. Many researchers attracted to study this unique plant since it’s distinct feature and the way to get nutrient by trapping insects at its sac. Samples were taken randomly along the path for climbing from Selo, Boyolali to the top of the mountain between April to May 2000. The results show that the plants were found at the altitude of around 1500 to 2000 tsl. There were two forms of the sacs, long and short at the same individual plants. The plants grow coiling on Myristica trees and shrubs of Thunbergia fragrans Roxb., and also could grow at the stoned-soil.